Translate.org.za is a non-profit organization producing free and open source software to empower South Africans. The Translate Project started in 2001 with the aim to provide free software translated into the 11 official languages of South Africa.

This South Africa Government portal permits interaction between government and the public with various applications: feedback possibilities, downloading of various forms etc. Different services and information are provided online.

South African science shows a decline in its global competitiveness in that its scholarly publication rate has not kept pace with that of other countries, both developed and developing. This, together with a decline in publication rate especially among junior South African scholars, suggests a structural problem in the South African national system of innovation. A declining publication rate indicates a problem of knowledge diffusion for South Africa, and hints at a possible knowledge generation problem. This thesis limits itself to the dynamics of knowledge diffusion with specific reference to Open Access scholarly communication. Open Access scholarly communication is an overt intervention regarding knowledge diffusion. The marginalisation of science in and of developing countries, leading to a state of knowledge imperialism and knowledge dependence, is addressed, and it is argued that knowledge diffusion and generation are at the heart of long-term economic growth. This thesis has been structured around two core sections, a theoretical framework based in the literature, and empirical study. The central concepts of scholarly communication and Open Access, national information policy (NIP), and national system of innovation (NSI) are elaborated upon in the theoretical framework (Chapters 2 and 3). The empirical part of this study (Chapters 4 and 5) in turn consist of two parts. Both parts used the survey method, however the first part made use of a questionnaire instrument, and the second part made use of a structured record review. Both empirical studies were used to assess levels of activity and extent of adoption of Open Access within a defined South African scholarly community, one discipline-based, the other institution-based. The aims of this study were two-fold: to assess levels of awareness of and investment in Open Access modes of scholarly communication within defined scholarly communities; and to create a benchmark document of South Africa's involvement to date in various Open Access initiatives. The argument is made for the openness of scholarly systems, and furthermore that the disparate and uncoordinated nature of Open Access in South Africa needs a policy intervention. The policy intervention so identified would exist within an enabling policy environment and would be minimally disruptive to the South African science system. Said policy intervention would constitute a National Information Policy since it would address the storage, dissemination, and retrieval of scholarly research output. This thesis recommends the amendment of the current statutory reporting mechanism - used by scholars to report and obtain publication rate subsidies - which would require that scholars make their research available via an Open Access mode of scholarly communication, and moreover, would require scholars to report on having done so.

ORT South Africa provides an extensive range of training courses, including computer ttraining, to improve employability in disadvantaged sectors of society and works with the Jewish communities to provide teacher training in technology.

SchoolNet SA is a non-profit educational organisation that creates learning communities of educators and learners who use ICT to enhance education in South Africa. Since 1997 SchoolNet SA manages a variety of projects covering all aspects of the use of ICTs, directed mainly at historically disadvantaged schools in South Africa.

AFRALTI is an institution set up to give opportunities for senior staff in high technical and managerial positions throughout Eastern and Southern Africa to receive advanced level specialized training in aspects of telecommunications network operations and management, elecommunications policy, regulation as well as computer technologies.

This website is designed and produced by Shining Star Multimedia, a family operated business located in Southern California, USA. Through its website the company offers interactive multimedia programmes for general training, education, manuals, etc. These programmes are being developed in partnership with language experts, teachers, animators, and graphic artists.

Web-lingo is a South African based business-to-business online translation service. It offers general and technical translations as well as specialised solutions to web development and software localisation companies around the world. It also builds multiligual websites.

This Green Paper concerns the following key issues of e-commerce: confidence, security and privacy of electronic transactions; information infrastructure; rules to govern e-commerce; opportunities that e-commerce can bring to the entire population.

The Telecommunications Regulators? Association of Southern Africa was established with 2 main aims: to co-ordinate matters related to the regulation of the telecommunications sector throughout the Southern Africa region; and to promote the establishment and operation of efficient telecommunications networks and services in the Southern Africa region which meet the diverse needs of customers while being economically sustainable.

ISPA is a non-profit South African Internet industry organisation. It was formed in June 1996 and currently represents in excess of 80 Internet service providers with a diverse range of services and target markets. Members include non-profit providers and educational networks, as well as commercial service providers.

FreeCom is South Africa's only dedicated personal computer refurbishment and distribution business. It sells computers at a fraction of the current new market price, for the same desired equivalent functionality.

Promotes "a rights culture and a protective and responsive legal system...." Described the university-based Street Law program. Publishes Democracy Watch. Has an internship program. The Centre was established in 1987 in the Law Faculty at the University of Natal, Durban.

ITDG is an international non-governmental organisation which demonstrates and advocates the sustainable use of technology to reduce poverty in developing countries. Currently ITDG works directly in four regions of the developing world - Latin America, East Africa, Southern Africa and South Asia.

This paper published in the USC(University of Southern California) Journal of Computer-Mediated communication is a comparative analysis of Web usage and access across racial/ethnic groups in the United States, mainly between whites and African-Americans. This work is intended to stimulate discussion among scholars and policy makers interested in how differences in Internet access and use among different segments in our society affects their ability to participate in the emerging digital economy.

Women'sNet is a vibrant and innovative networking support program designed to enable South African women to use the Internet to find the people, issues, resources and tools needed for women's social activism. It is also a dynamic source of locally generated information and discussion on gender issues.

The Internet Society (ISOC) is a professional non-profit, non-governmental membership organization which provides leadership in addressing issues concerning the future of the Internet: global coordination and cooperation on the Internet, its development, availability and associated technologies. ISOC-ZA is the South African chapter of ISOC created in 1998. Its members represent a broad cross section of the Internet community in South Africa.

Ungana-Afrika is a South Africa based non-profit organisation that provides technology support, and helps others initiate technology support programs, within the development community of Southern Africa. Ungana-Afrika's objective is a community of non-profit organisations within Southern Africa that have access to the technology and know-how necessary to better accomplish their goals.

The aim of the ICT Programme of the Open Society Initiative for Southern Africa (OSISA) is to contribute towards an environment whereby the free and equitable flow of information and the deployment of appropriate technologies, systems and knowledge networks are applied to enhance citizen's rights, access and participation towards an open society.

The Meraka Institute is an Advanced Institute for Information & Communication technology based in South Africa. Its main objective is to facilitate national economic and social development through human capital development and needs-based research and innovation, leading to products and services based on ICT.

SANGONeT is a facilitator in the effective and empowering use of information and communication technology (ICT) tools by development and social justice actors in Africa. Its aims to share information, build capacity and link people and organisations through the use of ICTs.

The NITF is committed to developing and advocating clear policy positions and policy options for the creation and advancement of the South African Information Society and to ensure that the potential of the global information society is used to promote universal access to information for all citizens and to eliminate disparities between urban and rural, town and township communities as regards the use of information and communication technologies.

The LINK Centre is the leading research and training body in the field of ICT policy, regulation and management in Southern Africa. LINK focuses on capacity building in the public sector and development arenas through quality training, applied research and consultancy services necessary to maximise the benefits of the Information Society.

CIPESA is an initiative of Bridges.org aimed at helping Africans to better understand the policy-making processes that affect them, especially in the area of ICT and development. CIPESA's mission is to increase the capacity of East and Southern African stakeholders to participate in international ICT policy-making.